Warren T. Treadgold, The Early Byzantine Historians, Basingstoke, 2007, pp. Cameron, p. 3). Earlier generations of scholars had sometimes taken his statements at face value too readily. Idem, “Historiography,” in Scott Johnson, ed., The Oxford Handbook of Late Antiquity, Oxford, 2013, pp. Sprache: english. Contact profile manager; View family tree; Problem with this page? New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast, More posts from the AskHistorians community. 56-72. Apparently this reflects the existence of a position within the Roman elite tending to see the Sasanians rather as partners and allies than as rivals and arch-enemies, a view justified by the long period of mostly peaceful coexistence between 387 and 502. History of the Wars, Books I and II The Persian War by Procopius Procopius (2013-05-11) | Procopius Procopius | ISBN: | Kostenloser Versand für alle Bücher mit Versand und Verkauf duch Amazon. PROCOPIUS, Greek (Byzantine) historian (b. Caesarea Maritima [Palestine], ca. 14-151. 1882 On the other hand, he evidently had a preference for entertaining anecdotes, implausible details, misleading interpretations, and generalizations. Procopius is a primary source for the way the elite of the Later Roman Empire looked on its most important rivals, the Sasanians. Brian Croke, “Procopius’ Secret History: Rethinking the Date,” Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, no. The first seven books of the Historiae were published in 550. 253-73. In matters of style and method, he was heavily influenced by his classical predecessors Herodotus and Thucydides (cf. In 527 CE he was made legal adviser and secretary of Belisarius, commander against the Persians, and went with Belisarius again in 533 against the Vandals and in 535 against the Ostrogoths. These are, for audiences today, the fun parts. His works were written in the middle of the 6th Century during the reign of Justinian when the Empire was once again on the rise. Sometime after 540 he returned to Constantinople. It's pretty intense in its depiction of Justinian and Theodora as these monsters hell-bent on wealth, murder and debauchery. As an author Procopius is highly readable. Kawād I had regained his throne in 499 with the support of the Hephthalites and a group of Persian nobles sympathizing with the Huns and the Mazdakite movement (cf. Procopius, II's Geni Profile. 159-98. Schauen Sie sich Beispiele für Procopius-Übersetzungen in Sätzen an, hören Sie sich die Aussprache an und lernen Sie die Grammatik. 580) praises Procopius, whom he calls a rhetor (Agathias, 2.19.1), for his learning. Apart from Ammianus Marcellinus’s Res gestae and the 6th-century Strategicon, Procopius’s work is the most important literary source for the equipment and tactics of the Sasanian army. Börm, 2007, pp. Particularly remarkable is Procopius’s mention of an aristocratic assembly playing an important role during the succession crisis of 531 (Historiae 1.21.20). 405-36. After completing his legal studies, Procopius joined the imperial service and in 527 was appointed counselor and secretary (assessor) of the Roman general Belisarius. While I don't necessarily believe that Justinian was a demon whose head disappeared or dissolved periodically, I have to wonder about the rest of the work. A major portion of Procopius’s writings is devoted to the Sasanian empire and its relations with the West. Rudolf Keydel, Berlin, 1967; tr. In all likelihood he was a Christian (contra Kaldellis, 2004). frühbyzantinischer Historiker des 6. In any case, it is obvious that much of what he knew about the Sasanian empire was transmitted through Syrian sources; for example, the city of Gondēšāpur is called Bēt Lapat (Bēlapatōn) by him (Historiae 8.10.9). Autohändler - FORD - PROCOPIUS Werkstatt preisgünstige Mietwagen - Autovermietung - Gebrauchtwagen - Neuwagen - Vermietung Transporter - PKW Vermietung Procopius definition: ?490–?562 ad , Byzantine historian , noted for his account of the wars of Justinian I... | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. Therefore, it is not surprise that the image of Persia and the Persians found in his works is often quite hostile. Prokopios von Caesarea (Προκόπιος, lat. Ammianus Marcelinus, Rerum gestarum libri qui supersunt, ed. Seiten: 321. Without Procopius’s writings it would be virtually impossible to reconstruct the history of the Roman-Persian wars between 526 and 552, especially the battles of Dārā (in 530) and Callinicum (in 531) under King Kawād and the four campaigns against the Romans led by Kawād’s son and successor,  Ḵosrow I. PHILIP MAYERSON New York University, New York, NY 10003 When it comes to describing the events which led Justinian to order the construction of a fortified structure and a church at Mount Sinai, it is Proco-pius' account (de Aed. Procopius character assassination in the Secret History does much to weaken his argument, but unfortunately, it is this image of her, as an immoral whore who used her wiles to seduce and ultimately rule through Justinian, that has 44 John the Lydian, in HIST305 Documents, Topic 5, Armidale, 2013, Doc. Procopius [c.490/510-c.560s] is the most important source for information about the reign of the emperor Justinian. Eduard Schwyzer, “Die sprachlichen Interessen Prokops von Cäsarea,” in Festgabe Hugo Blümner, Zurich, 1914, pp. Procopius of Caesarea (Greek: Προκόπιος ὁ Καισαρεύς, Latin: Procopius Caesarensis; c. 500 CE – c. 560 CE) was a prominent late antique scholar from Palaestina Prima. Idem, “Prokopius von Kaiareia,” in Pauly-Wissowa, XXIII/I, cols., 273-599. Jahrhunderts n. Chr. In that at least, Procopius has succeeded in his aims. The Byzantine historian Procopius recorded in 536AD in his report on the wars with the Vandals, "during this year a most dread portent took place. Mischa Meier, ed., Brill’s Companion to Procopius, Leiden and Boston, forthcoming. 560), author of a major source of information for Byzantine-Iranian relations in the 6th century CE. Geoffrey B. Greatrex, “Procopius and the Persian Wars,” Ph.D. Procopius of Caesarea; Προκόπιος ὁ Καισαρεύς ; History Created April 1, 2008; 9 revisions; Download catalog record: RDF / JSON. However, Procopius’s descriptions of Sasanian internal affairs and Persian-Roman relations, despite being occasionally distorted, are, at least in part, highly useful and reliable. 500 CE; d. Constantinople? However, Procopius’s descriptions of Sasanian internal affairs and Persian-Roman relations, despite being occasionally distorted, are, at least in part, highly useful and reliable. Idem, Die Geschichtsphilosophie in der spätantiken Historiographie: Studien zu Prokopios von Kaisareia, Agathias von Myrina und Theophylaktos Simokattes, Frankfurt, 2004, pp. David Woods, “Late Antique Historiography: A Brief History of Time,” in Philip Rousseau, ed., A Companion to Late Antiquity, Oxford, 2009, pp. The first two books of the Historiae and the first half of the eighth deal with the Roman-Persian wars, covering the period from 408 to 552 CE. While he was completing his writings, the Romans were at war with Persia. Parts are so vitriolic, not to say pornographic, that for some time translations from Greek … Procopius is quite well informed about the geography of the Roman-Persian frontier region, but he says almost nothing about eastern Iran or the Hephthalites. Anthony Kaldellis, Procopius of Caesarea: Tyranny, History, and Philosophy at the End of Antiquity, Philadelphia, 2004. Jahr: 1996. He claims to have used Persian accounts, and apparently he had some access to Armenian traditions as well (Historiae 1.5.9, 1.6.9). As the former assessor of a magister militum, he must have held at least the rank of a vir spectabilis, perhaps even of a vir illustris (Suda, pi 2479). Josef Wiesehöfer, “Kawad, Khusro I, and the Mazdakites: A New Proposal,” in Philippe Gignoux, Christelle Jullien, and Florence Jullien, eds., Trésors d’Orient, Leuven, 2009, pp. Rüdiger Schmitt, “Byzantinoiranica: Zum Beispiel Prokop,” in Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, ed., La Persia e Bisanzio: convegno internazionale, Roma, 14-18 ottobre 2002, Rome, 2004, pp. In addition to that, Procopius surely relied on oral sources, especially soldiers and Persian Christians (see, e.g., Historiae 2.24.8). Procopius, born at Caesarea in Palestine late in the 5th century, became a lawyer. 10.845 € (Brutto) 9.113 € (Netto) 19,00% MwSt. Build your family tree online ; Share photos and videos ; Smart Matching™ technology ; Free! Henning Börm, “Der Perserkönig im Imperium Romanum,” Chiron 36, 2006, pp. Agathias of Myrina, Historiarum libri quinque, ed. September 30, 2020: Edited by Clean Up Bot: add ISNI August 24, 2019: Edited by Camillo Pellizzari: Edited without comment. In fact, Procopius evidently saw himself belonging to the late Roman senatorial elite (Procopius, Historia Arcana 12.14). Schwyzer). Accompanying the Byzantine general Belisarius in Emperor Justinian's wars, Procopius became the principal Byzantine historian of the 6th century, writing the History of the Wars, the Buildings, and the Secret History. If so, what other sources can verify it? Idem, “Prokopio de Cezareo, enigma historiisto de la epoko de Justiniano (ses jarcento p. K.),” in José Antonio Vergara, ed., Internacia Kongresa Universitato: 61a sesio, Rotterdam, 2008, pp. 12 prevailed. For many events, Procopius is not only our main but sometimes even our only contemporary source. There can be no doubt, however, that most of what he has to say about the Sasanians can be shown to be correct, even though at times being inaccurate or distorted. Jacob Haury and Gerhard Wirth, 4 vols., Leipzig, 1962-64; tr. ca. 45, 2005, pp. The Secret History is most notorious for its depiction of scandalized sex and Justinian I's demonic powers. 303-27. Is there any truth to the wild allegations that Procopius leveled at his Emperor and Empress, as well as their whole coterie? In Late Antiquity spectabiles and illustres (illustrious men) were members of the two most important status groups in the Roman state. Joseph D. Frendo, as Histories, Berlin and New York, 1975. He was a native of Caesarea in Palaestina Prima (modern Israel). What he says about the powers and duties of the monarch, the modes of succession to the throne, and the role played by the nobles (cf. He is … Whether the famous story about King Yazdegerd I acting as “guardian” (epitropos) of the young emperor Theodosius II (Historiae 1.2.1-10) preserves a nucleus of correct historical information remains disputed. He wrote a number of official histories, including the Buildings and On the Wars. Dewing by Procopius; Dewing, H. B. He shows very little interest in Persian religion, although what he says is basically correct and almost completely free of Christian or anti-Zoroastrian polemic. On the other hand, there are many positive statements (e.g., courage, inventiveness, justice, truthfulness) about Persia and the Persians to be found in the Historiae (e.g., 1.2.8, 1.3.5, 1.6.18, 1.7.34, 2.15.19, 8.12.17). In short, due to a number of factors, Procopius’s image of the Persians is of a very inconsistent nature (Börm, pp. 45-67. Procopius, with an English translation by H.B. References: See in the near future C. Lillington-Martin and E. Turquois (eds. Sometime after 540 he returned to Constantinople. Procopius nahm 363 an Julians Feldzug gegen die Sassaniden teil. Procopius is commonly held to have been the major Greek historian of Late Antiquity (cf. Mebodes was apparently responsible for the successful peace negotiations with Justinian in 532, but only a few years later he was accused of insubordination and executed. Submitted tags will be reviewed by site administrator before it is posted online.If you enter several tags, separate with commas. Despite a number of difficulties associated with the evaluation of his work, his writings remain one of the most important contemporary sources for the history of late ancient Persia and its relations with the Later Roman Empire. He also left a "Secret History" [Anecdota] which was a massive attack on the character of Justinian and his wife Theodora. 19-30. What is more, a close examination of his narrative enables us to reconstruct the events leading to the conclusion of the peace of 532 and to  Ḵosrow’s attack on Roman Syria in 540 (Börm, pp. The exact dates of Procopius’s works are disputed (Greatrex, 2003; Croke, 2005), but he is likely to have completed them all before 562. In 527 CE he was made legal adviser and secretary of Belisarius, commander against the Persians, and went with Belisarius again in 533 against the Vandals and in 535 against the Ostrogoths. Some years later, probably in 553, Procopius wrote an eighth book, describing further events in Italy, Africa, and the East up to that date. Procopius or Eutychius on the Construction of the Monastery at Mount Sinai: Which Is the More Reliable Source? The angel explained to them, "today in the city of David a savior has been born for you who is Messiah and Lord" (Lk 2:11). Procopius' writings are seen to comprise a subtle whole; only if they are understood in this way can their historical value be properly appreciated. One might say it is only Procopius' opinion, but he tellingly explains the matrix of high taxes, … He wrote a number of official histories, including the Buildings and On the Wars. On the other hand, he evidently had a preference for entertaining anecdotes, implausible details, misleading interpretations, and generalizations. In addition, he offers a mostly reliable description of the Roman-Persian frontier in the second and third book of his De aedificiis, including a very short excursus on Parthian history (Procopius, Aedificiis 3.1.5). 62-93). 5.9. Cameron (Procopius as a bigoted, misogynistic conservative who libelled the imperial couple) and even the original and unpublished argument of Henning Börm (Procopius knew that a conspiracy could overthrow the imperial power, and therefore prepared an exaggerated document in order to clear himself of all accusations of proximity with the future-former imperial power). Henry Bronson Dewing and Glanville Downey, as Procopius: Buildings, History of the Wars, and Secret History, 7 vols., Cambridge, Mass., 1914-40. Homily for Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God, at St. Procopius Abbey. Brill's Companion to Procopius.For a neat summary of recent work on Procopius, see G. Greatrex, 'Perceptions of Procopius in Recent Scholarship', Histos, 8 (2014), pp.76-121 and 'Perceptions of Procopius in Recent Scholarship (Addenda)', Histos, 8 (2014), pp.121a-e. A number of standard negative topoi about “Eastern barbarians” (e.g., cowardice, cruelness, decadence, pomposity, falseness) are frequently used by Procopius (see, e.g., Historiae, 1.2.5, 1.11.15, 1.11.33, 1.23.24, 2.28.25-26; cf. Jacob Haury, Zur Beurteilung des Geschichtsschreibers Procopius von Cäsarea, Munich, 1896. For instance, a miaphysite (also traditionally called “monophysite”) hagiographic work by John of Ephesus confirms that Theodora indeed had been a performer-prostitute before marrying Justinian (which is, after all, one of the most famous allegations of the work). However, Procopius’s descriptions of Sasanian internal affairs and Persian-Roman relations, despite being occasionally distorted, are, at least in part, highly useful and reliable. Procopius, born at Caesarea in Palestine late in the 5th century, became a lawyer. From 527 to 531 he was adviser ( consilarius) to the military commander Belisarius on his first Persian campaign. Procopius is what would happen if Suetonius offered analysis and not just gossip. diss., Oxford, 1994. As a trained lawyer (contra Howard-Johnston) and member of the imperial administration he must have known Latin. He is the earliest author to describe the deportation of Roman civilians in 540 and their resettling in a newly founded city near Ctesiphon by Ḵosrow I (Historiae 2.14.1-3; see DEPORTATIONS ii). Procopius fra Cæsarea (også Prokopius, på græsk Προκόπιος, Prokopios, ca. Although the events are narrated in book VIII (8.10.17-19), dealing mostly with the years 550 to 552, the revolt is in fact mentioned for the first time much earlier, albeit briefly (2.24.8). Idem, Prokop und die Perser: Untersuchungen zu den römisch-sasanidischen Kontakten in der ausgehenden Spätantike, Stuttgart, 2007. Parts are so vitriolic, not to say pornographic, that for some time translations from Greek … He evidently knew Latin… Ḵosrow now seems to have been supported by the noble Zaberganes (Zaurān), who appears to have opposed the treaty of 532 (Procopius, Historiae 1.23.25 ff., 2.26.16-19), and in 540 the Persians invaded Roman territory, thus ending a period of mostly peaceful coexistence of the two great powers of Late Antiquity (cf. Verlag: Routledge. Short answer: we can (occasionally) check some elements of the Anekdota. 391-409. Related Projects. Today's gospel relates how the shepherds go to visit the infant Jesus. Suda, Suidae Lexicon, ed. ©2021 Encyclopædia Iranica Foundation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 247-49). ISBN 10: 0415142946. 405-31. Procopius, born at Caesarea in Palestine late in the 5th century, became a lawyer. EZ 10/2017 29.800 km 74 kW … Three recent interpretations include that of Anthony Kaldellis in Procopius of Caesarea: Tyranny, History, and Philosophy at the End of Antiquity (Procopius as a subtle dissenter, who basically told the truth about a tyrannical regime—it is a forceful and, it should be said, idiosyncratic restatement of the traditional vue), that of Av. If not, why would he be compelled to write such a visceral attack? Sometime after 540 he returned to Constantinople. Procopius of Caesarea (Latin: Procopius Caesarensis, Ancient Greek: Προκόπιος ὁ Καισαρεύς; c. AD 500 – c. AD 565) was a prominent Byzantine scholar from Palestine. reluctant acceptance because, eh, that's something to work with). Especially King Ḵosrow I is portrayed as a brutal, avaricious, and untrustworthy tyrant (see, e.g., Historiae 1.23.4, 2.9.8, 8.10.10; cf. 2007, 318-25). His books are about the wars to reconquer the Western Empire which had fallen in 476. Die meisten modernen Forscher bezweifeln, dass Procopius von Julian als Nachfolger vorgesehen war, denn keine … Idem, “Prokopius’ Persian War: A Thematic and Literary Analysis,” in Ruth Macrides, ed., History as Literature in Byzantium, Aldershot, UK, 2010, pp. Unsurprisingly, Procopius is especially well informed about those aspects of the Persian state and society that mattered most to the Romans. He also left a "Secret History" [Anecdota] which was a massive attack on the character of Justinian and his wife Theodora. Procopius was the last great Classical historian and a personal favorite of mine. Kaldellis, pp. Auflage: Reprint. For example, by combining information about an insurrection in Persia given in books II and VIII of the Historiae, it is possible to re-date the failed revolt of Prince Anōšazād against his father Ḵosrow I to 543. There is no actual excursus on Persia and the Persians in the Historiae, except for a very brief, incomplete, and somewhat garbled account of Sasanian history since 408 in the first chapters of book I. Accompanying the general Belisarius in the wars of the Emperor Justinian I , he became the principal historian of the 6th century, writing the Wars of Justinian , the Buildings of Justinian and the celebrated Secret History . History of the Wars, Books I and II: The Persian War | Procopius | ISBN: 9781434605498 | Kostenloser Versand für alle Bücher mit Versand und Verkauf duch Amazon. His continuator Agathias (d. ca. ISBN 13: 9780203988725. Victor Emil Gardthausen, 2 vols., Stuttgart, 1967. He would have received a conventional élite education in the Greek classics and then rhetoric, perhaps at the famous School of Gaza, may have attended law school, possibly at Berytus (modern Beirut) or Constantinople, and became a rhetor (barrister or advocate). The result is a new evaluation of Procopius which will be central to any future history of the sixth century. Procopii Caesariensis Opera Omnia, ed. Börm, 2006). Ford Focus Turnier Trend -1A ZUST /wenig KM /checkh ! However, the general rule is that we don't have anything to crosscheck Procopius allegations, which means, in turn, that almost every possible position has been taken on the fiability of his work; traditionally, as laid out by Averil Cameron in her Procopius and the Sixth Century, historians have tended to accept the Secret History as a globally reliable source, even when it was considered to be distasteful. James Howard-Johnston, “The Education and Expertise of Procopius,” Antiquité Tardive 8, 2000, pp. opposition to Justinian through more or less hidden messages, never really intended to inform his readers about Persia (cf. Ada Adler, 5 vols., Stuttgart, 1967. Led by the chief of the warriors (artēštārān sālār) Seoses (Siāwoš), they apparently urged the king to attack the Romans in 502 after the emperor Anastasius had refused to pay tribute to Persia. His works cover a very interesting period and do so with great skill. 665-77. Als aber Jovian von der römischen Armee gewählt wurde, tauchte Procopius aus Angst um sein Leben unter. Seoses was executed in about 530 (Procopius, Historiae 1.12.31-38), when Kawād seems to have turned towards another group of aristocrats around the sar-naxwēragān Mebodes (Mehbod) to secure the succession of his third son, Ḵosrow. (Optional) Enter email address if you would like feedback about your tag. Brodka, 2004), writing a clear Attic Greek. Share your family tree and photos with the people you know and love. Yet, more searing is the misgovernment and bad policies of Justinian and Theodora. Idem, “Recent Work on Procopius and the Composition of Wars VIII,” Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 27, 2003, pp. 565), var en berømt historie- og krønikeskriver i det østromerske rige.Han var født i Cæsarea og blev sagfører.I 527 blev han rådgiver og sekretær for Belisarius, som var hærfører mod perserne.Procopius deltog også i Belisarius' felttog mod vandalerne i 533. On the other hand, what he says about Sasanian history before his own time is almost useless. Remove all comments which break the rules, writing a clear Attic Greek ;!! Is commonly classified as the last great Classical historian and a personal favorite mine... Basingstoke, 2007, pp predecessors Herodotus and Thucydides ( cf the first seven books of sixth!, author of a major portion of Procopius 565 ) was a native of Caesarea Greek. Roman scholar relations in the east, so his counselor Procopius was last. Seven books of the Anekdota 36, 2006, pp years of the ancient Western world Caesarea in Palaestina (! 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